Education Technology 1 & 2

Gingoog City Colleges

Professional Education

Education Technology 1 & 2

Test 1 (Essay)

1. The film, video, and the TV are indeed very powerful. Cite possible advantages and disadvantages of these media.

Below are the possible advantages and disadvantages of film, video, and the TV:

Parameters	Advantages	Disadvantages
FILM	Simulate interest in learning	Time consuming
	Address multiple intelligences	Costly
	Provides Visual Effects	Pornographic scenery
VIDEO	YouTube videos which are catching to the millennials.	Crime and Violence Scene
	It can easily distribute to any smart phones.	Technical difficulties
	It can easily download via smart phones.	Some information are based on hoax and fake news
TV	Provide interactive educational shows	Crime and Violence Scene
	Offers diversified topics such as (English – Apple; Science – Siniskwela; History-Bayani; ESP-HirayaManawari/Once Upon a Time; etc.)	Older model of Television (TV) is a Cathode Ray Tube (CRT) which is destructive to the eyes of the students.
	Easy to preview or repeat the confused parts.	Other scenery which needs Parental Guidance.

2. Why future teachers must develop the Art of Questioning?

            Art of questioning is part of the pedagogical method of the teacher in delivering and attacking the lessons so that the students will be motivated in acquiring the knowledge and skills needed to be achieved so that the objectives of the lesson are realized. 

            The teacher should develop the “Art of Questioning” so that he/she can facilitate learning, develop mastery towards his/her students and importantly he/she can assess his/her students learning by way of asking them a series of questions.  The questioning must promote holistic development of a child and must develop their way of thinking and answering easy to critical questions.  The series of questions should be the key elements to know whether or not the students or student got the objective of the lessons.  In forming the questions; it should be easy to difficult as well as it is fun – this makes questioning is an art in itself.

            In developing or formulating the “Art of Questioning” the teacher must bear in mind that questions are considered as instructional cues or stimuli that convey to the students with the content elements to be learned and directions for what they are to do and how they are to do it.  This calls for the teachers’ careful planning and making of questions.  Questions should play a central role in the learning process and should not very hard enough that the students will fear their subject teacher.  Because of this, the teachers and I myself as future educators need to carefully plan our questions in order to guide the students toward further inquiry and a deeper understanding of the concepts being stressed. In other words, we need to teach them how to think about thinking or meta-cognition with critical, logical, and creative way in exposing the students to a culture of rational being which can be able to answer easy and critical questions through the art of good questioning.

3. Explain the vital role or how important for a teacher to be skillful in constructing Test Questioning.

            In planning and creating skillful test constructions or in making questions to assess the students learning; the teachers play a vital role with this regard.  The teacher should ask questions or make a test of a topic that had been already discuss.  The test should be based on the Bloom’s Taxonomy of knowledge; so that the students can acquire knowledge, comprehension, application, synthesis and evaluate the information for them to think critically.

            The teacher should make item analysis based on the results of students taking the test.  Test analysis is the statistical process that would regulate the item per questions neither too easy nor difficult with respect to the average type of students.  The role of the teacher in sorting the items whether or not it is good item or should be discarded and changed is a very hustle and tiring task on the part of the teacher; but the dedication in giving and making the test standardize is part of the noble job of being a teacher.

            The teacher also observed avoiding grammatical errors in constructing test questioners; especially the context cues and patterned-answers.  Indeed the role of the teachers in constructing a skillful test questioner is not as easy as the case maybe; but is very challenge by which the teacher must develop the knowledge in statistical tools to be able to create standardize test questioner.

4. Explain briefly each of the following key elements of constructivist approach, namely:

a. The teacher creating the learning environment.

b. The teacher giving students the tools and facilities, and

c. The teacher facilitating learning

Constructivist approach in teaching is progressive method of teaching in which instead of memorizing something by force, actively try a concept out; such as:

§  Hands-on approach to learning

§  Teaching students how to learn (Meta-Cognition)

§  Making meaning our of the information based on hands-on activities and reflection

A. The teacher creating the learning environment.

The functions of the teacher in creating the learning environment in a constructivist approach are the following:

§  Teacher serves as facilitator

§  Teacher must plan activities in advance

§  Teacher should create activities that help students explore the concepts

§  Teacher must be patient and active at the same time

§  Teacher should teach the students how to become lifelong leaders

§  Assessing students’ activities

§  Teacher should ask a guiding questions

§  Reflecting on the information and making meaning out of it

§  Help students stay on-topic and help them conceptualized their reflections

B. The teacher giving students the tools and facilities, and

The responsibilities of the teacher in giving his/her students the tools, facilities and other materials needed in conducting the lesson using the constructivist method are the following”

§  The teacher should prepare on hand the materials needed

§  The teacher let the students discover and actively making meaning based on the activity of the lesson

§  Materials should be easy to use or user friendly and safety

§  Teacher walks around helping (in minor way only) the students

C. The teacher facilitating learning

When the teacher facilitates learning using the constructivist approach; he/she should follow the 5 E Models namely:

§  Engage – the teacher should let his/her students engage in an actual hands-on activity

§  Explore – the teacher then let his/her students to explore the activity of the class

§  Explain – the teacher then ask the students to explain what they have known based on the activity

§  Elaborate – the teacher then will help the students to further elaborate the topics or key elements of the given activities

§  Evaluate – the teacher now will give individual or group activity to measure the students acquisitions of knowledge and skills

6. The psychologist Lev Vygotsky stressed that learning affected by social influences.  Agree or disagree? Of you agree, what does it mean?  If you disagree, why?

Lev Vygostsky authored the “Zone of Proximal Development” (ZPD) in which he stress-out that the difference between what a learner can do without help, and what they can't do.  According to Lev Vygostky, “the person learning the skill set cannot complete it without the assistance of the teacher or peer; then teacher helps the student attain the skill the student is trying to master, until the teacher is no longer needed for that task.”  Hence it is very evident that the role of the teacher, parent and the society as a whole affect greatly the learning acquisition of the child.

It is respectfully submitted that I am agree to the idea of Lev Vygostky because I believe based on my experience that the society molded her constituent.  The concept of “scaffolding” in which it refers to the guidance or actual teaching-learning experience by the child received by him/her adult mentor is the very essence that the society greatly take parts in molding the mind, attitude, skills and perception of the students.

Scaffolding is a process through which a teacher or a more competent peer helps a student in their ZPD as necessary and tapers off this aid as it becomes unnecessary—much as workers remove a scaffold from a building after they complete construction. "Scaffolding [is] the way the adult guides the child's learning via focused questions and positive interactions (Balaban, 1995).

            The sources of social influences are parents, teachers, peers, society and even the internet social media flat-forms (e.g. Facebook, Tweeter, Youtube, Instagram, etc.); which greatly influences the mind of our millennials.  Now, society itself evolved fromtangible aspect of reality into virtual reality due to the advent of internet.  The internet serves as the media of “Scaffolding” where students learned methods outside the four corners of the classroom.

            Experience tells us that that learning affected by social influences.  Social influence starts in the family and evolves in much diversified knowledge; attitude, and skills (KAS) found in the social media flat-forms.

Lorevic E. Pelenio